霍格沃茨城堡的建筑原型在哪里
Where Arethe Real-world Inspirationsof Hogwarts Castle?
极目新闻记者 徐颖
通讯员 黄佳文
翻译 郭越 罗金 Lisa M.K（湖北大学）
JIMU News Journalist：Xu Ying
Correspondent：Huang Jiawen
Translators：Guo Yue,LuoJin,LisaM.K（Hubei University）
“狭窄的小路尽头突然展开了一片黑色的湖泊。湖对岸高高的山坡上耸立着一座巍峨的城堡，城堡上塔尖林立，一扇扇窗口在星空下闪烁。”《哈利·波特》中的场景，就像一场大无畏的梦境，留在了许许多多哈迷心中。而这场围绕着霍格沃茨的奇幻造梦，借用了生活中所熟悉的建筑原型去搭建。
“The narrow path had opened suddenly onto the edge of a great black lake. Perched atop a high mountain on the other side, its windows sparkling in the starry sky, was a vast castle with many turrets and towers.” Like athrilling dreamland, scenes in “Harry Potter”have a special placein the hearts of many “Potter Heads”.At the heart of this whimsical dream is Hogwarts, a castle modeled after real-world architecture we all are familiar with.
9月21日，长江讲坛邀请到建筑历史学者、昆明理工大学副教授刘妍，分享《哈利·波特》中的建筑叙事，现场观众爆满。“霍格沃茨是不是真正的城堡？”当主讲人刘妍抛出这个开场问题时，台下响起了一片小朋友的抢答声。
On September 21st, Liu Yan, an architectural historian and associate professor from Kunming University of Science and Technology was invited to share insights on the architectural narratives in “Harry Potter”at the Yangtze Forum. The lecture was delivered to a packed house. “Is Hogwarts a real castle?” When Liu Yan posed this opening question, a chorus of eager responses erupted from the children in the audience.
极目新闻记者向长江讲坛工作人员了解到，这场讲座成为吸引青少年读者最多的讲座之一。很多家长带着《哈利·波特》小粉丝前来聆听，网上直播间也有1万余名听友参与。
According to a staffmember at the Yangtze Forum,this lecture has become one of the most popular among juvenile readersof the story. Many parents broughtthese little fans to the lecture, which was also livestreamed to over 10,000 viewers online.
电影中的取景地遍布整个英国
Filming locations spread across the UK
《哈利·波特》的粉丝有多少？新世纪后出生的青少年，几乎没有人不知《哈利·波特》的。2000年，《哈利·波特》丛书被人民文学出版社引进中国，从此诞生“哈迷”无数。2002年1月《哈利·波特》系列电影的第一部《哈利·波特与魔法石》在中国内地首映，魔法学校从幻想变成了可视的场景。
How many fans of “Harry Potter” are there? Among teenagers born after the 2000s, the world of “Harry Potter” is nothing new. In 2000, the “Harry Potter” series were introduced to China by the People's Literature Publishing House, which ushered in countless“Potter Heads”. By January 2002, the first film of the “Harry Potter” series, “Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone”, premiered in the Chinese mainland, breathing life into this fictional magical school.
《哈利·波特》中的魔法学校位于霍格沃茨城堡，那哥特式的尖尖屋顶、恢宏的学校大厅、破败与生机并存的庭院……其实都可以在现实中找到建筑的原型，只不过原型不是一个，而是由许多著名的建筑场景加电脑技术，拼合转译成了不可思议的梦境。
TheSchool of Witchcraft and Wizardryin “Harry Potter”, Hogwarts Castle, is characterized by its Gothic spires, grandeursschool hall, and courtyards that seamlessly blends decay and vitality... Archetypes of these architectural features can actually be found in real life. Rather than drawing inspiration from a single structure, the castle is afusion of multiple famous buildings, which thanks to computer software have been meshed into an incredible dreamscape.
刘妍副教授在讲座中指出，《哈利·波特》电影中的取景地遍布整个英国，魔法学院的教室与走廊、对角巷与古灵阁等等都能在现实中一窥魔法世界的影子。当哈利作为一年级新生来到霍格沃茨后，在城堡大厅参加分院仪式与开学典礼，该建筑空间内部场景与牛津大学内基督教会学院的食堂十分接近，而它的屋顶与英国威斯敏斯特宫大厅的屋顶如出一辙，极尽典雅庄严，它的建筑外形则仿照了完成于16世纪末的剑桥大学国王学院的建筑外形；位于英格兰东北部艾维克城堡，则是电影中飞行课的取景地……
Associate Professor Liu Yan pointed outin her lecture that the “Harry Potter” film series shot scenesall over the UK.The classroomsandcorridors in the Hogwarts School, Diagon Alley, and Gringotts,just to name a few, all have real-world archetypes.As a first-year student, Harry attends the Sorting Hat ceremony and the opening feast in the Great Hall of Hogwarts, the interior of which resembles the dining hall of Christ Church College at Oxford, while the roof is reminiscent of the Hall of Westminster Palace, exuding elegance and grandeur. The castle’s exterior mirrors King’s College at Cambridgecompleted in the late 16th century. Alnwick Castle in northeast England doubles as the setting for the flying lessons in the film.
此外，哥特式建筑的花窗玻璃在《哈利·波特》中屡屡出现，在建筑的光影特点中，我们可以进一步了解中世纪晚期的建筑艺术以及当时的时代背景。
Moreover, the Gothic stainedglass frequently seen in “Harry Potter” offer insights into the architectural art and historical context of the late medieval period.
奇幻外衣下有珍贵的内核
Beneath the fantasy lies an invaluable concept
谈及《哈利·波特》电影中建筑的作用，刘妍说，“奇幻影视的场景设计，需借用特效创造奇诡的世界。而这种造梦，仍需借用人们熟悉的元素去搭造幻境，借用人类历史中的真实元素，去唤醒观众潜意识中的文化记忆，这其中建筑便扮演了重要的视觉角色。”
Discussing the role of architecture in “Harry Potter,” Liu Yan explained that while movie sets for fantasy films use special effects to create otherworldly scenes, they also incorporate familiar elements to build these illusions. Theytap into historical realities to evoke cultural memories intheir viewers, in whicharchitecture playsa crucial visual role.
《哈利·波特》为什么20多年经久不衰？刘妍副教授接受极目新闻记者专访时表示，除了其奇幻魅力、想象力和创造力外，还因为它指向了最珍贵和美好的内核。一个普通的孩子发现了自己隐藏的“天命”，做成了伟大的事情，它在某种意义上契合了青少年“从小透明到英雄”的自我激励。同时这个过程充满了真善美，讨论了友谊的美好、师生的美好，讨论了与邪恶作斗争的美好。
What has fueled this two-decade-long appeal for “Harry Potter”?According to Associate Professor Liu Yan in an interview with JimuNews, its charm can be attributednot onlyto its magical, imaginative and ingenious naturebut alsothe profound themes it explores. The story of an ordinary child discovering his destiny and achieving greatness resonates with teenagers’ innate desire to “go from zero to hero.” It celebrates the beauty of friendship, the teacher-student bond, and battleagainst evil, embodying truth, goodness, and beauty.